Nothing Gets Me High Like Writing

Nothing Gets Me High Like Writing Nothing gets me high and offers relief from the suffering like blackening pages, writing.  ~Leonard Cohen This is the part of our profession that we quickly forget. The sea of authors is just that. . . an undulating sea. They rise up with glee about the release of a book. . . then slide down and bottom out when the sales arent as expected. Highs and lows, but mostly about publishing. Most of them blame someone else for their writer problems. Of late Ive seen them blame: 1) Amazon algorithms 2) Amazon promoting its own imprints before other publishers 3) Amazon allowing used book sellers to appear before new books 4) Publishers being greedy 5) Self-published authors gobbling up market share 6) Or vice versa, traditional authors gobbling up market share 7) The glut of cheap sales free, 99 cents, etc. 8) A bad editor 9) Indie bookstores not wanting indie authors And in all that blame, the writer forgets why they started writing in the first place. . . for the high of sculpting words. For the joy of designing that perfect sentence. The business side of writing is in flux, and that flux changes faster and faster. Technology and creative ideas fly like bullets as writers attempt to take advantage and break loose of the fray and be seen. . . and make sales. Fight to be different than all the other people out there writing books. If we dont constantly market, we backslide. And if we constantly market, we write less. And write less quality. Most businesses will tell you to return to the basics when things are not going well. For writers, thats writing well, writing for self, and reaching for that writing high. Sink into writing. Then when its written, come up for air and publish, because if you think about publishing before you finish the book, youll be outdated in your thinking

Abandoning West Virginias Natural Resources

Abandoning West Virginias Natural Resources Free Online Research Papers The powerful industry of coal mining has left the Mountain State in disarray as the result of coal mines that have been abandoned. Coal provides a major source of energy across America; the coal mines of West Virginia have not only provided a major source of coal, they have also provided jobs and those jobs have built communities. Even though coal mining has been prosperous, it has had negative effects on the economy and the environment when the mines are left abandoned. The cleanup of closed mines has become time consuming and expensive. Abandoned mines not only pose a danger to our water, soil and air, they also harbor hidden dangers. State and Federal agencies are taking the devastating effects of abandoned coal mines into their own hands by reclaiming West Virginia. CLASSIFICATION OF ABANDONED MINES For operational purposes and to avoid double counting or undercounting emissions, the Mine Safety and Health Administration classified inactive or nonproducing mines into three classes: 1. Non-Producing, Men Working – Persons are maintaining equipment, but there is not any coal being produced. 2. No one working, Temporarily Abandoned Mine may re-open. Coal production has ceased, there are no persons working. 3. No One Working, Permanently Abandoned There has been coal produced and no persons working for a period greater than 90 days. The classifications are important in counting a mine as active or inactive for emission inventory. Although a mine is classified NO ONE WORKING, TERMPORARILY ABANDONED is considered inactive, it can be considered active if ventilation fans continue to operate after the mine is closed. Without defining abandoned mines, mines will be double counted and will give a wrong number for emission and abandonment. (EPA, 2004) DANGERS OF ABANDONED MINES Abandoned mines offer adults and children adventure that often ends in death. Some of the dangers are obvious, while often the most deadly ones remain hidden. Some of the most common dangers include: (Labor) Vertical Shafts Can be hundreds of feet deep May be completely unprotected at the surface Can be hidden by vegetation or covered by rotten boards Horizontal Openings Opening may seem sturdy Rotting timbers and unstable rock formation pose cave ins Darkness and debris makes them more dangerous Deadly Gases Lethal concentration of deadly gases accumulate in underground passages Excavated Vertical Cliffs/ Highwalls Can be unstable Prone to collapse Hills of loose material in stockpiles or refuse heaps Can collapse on biker or climber Water filled quarries and pits, rock ledges Hide old machinery and other hazards Water Can be deeper than expected and can be extremely cold Steep, slippery walls makes exiting swimming holes difficult ( U.S. Department of Labor, MSHA, 03/24/2005, msha.gov/SOSA/facts.asp) NATURE RETURNS TO HARM ITSELF The after effects of coal mining linger in the environment for several years. The valuable resources given by nature often returns to become natures most dangerous enemy. Toxic gases and metals find their way into the environment to infect the air, water, and earth from which they came with their poisons. The poison emitted into the environment sometimes kills animals, plants, and even humans. Some of the most deadly metals and gases are: Acid, cyanide, methane, iron, aluminum, manganese, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide. Nearly every abandoned coal mine has water accumulating and flowing in and out of it. These waters are usually highly acidic and filled with dissolved metals. The following creeks are some of the most common polluted by abandoned coal mines: Kettle Creek: Some areas of Kettle Creek have outstanding levels of acidity, iron, and aluminum. These levels are greater than what the EPA considers safe and acceptable. The creek’s main stem and coldwater tributaries are lifeless because of drainage from abandoned coal mines. The cost to date to clean up this creek is around $ 1.2 million and an estimated $ 12 million will be necessary to finish the clean up. (Tim Zink, 2007) Coal Creek: This creek suffers because of the four abandoned mine drainage sites in the watershed, three deep mine discharges, and a large refuge pile. The greatest source of pollution there is from the refuse pile. Although the cost of $ 1.5 million is not as significant as the cost of the cleanup of Kettle Creek, the cost is still great to clean up the pollution left behind. (Tim Zink, 2007) The Cheat: Fifty-three streams in the Cheat watershed are considered impacted by abandoned mine drainage and the outstanding cost of $ 20 for cleanup doesn’t make the mess any prettier. Stoneycreek – Conemaugh Rivers: At least 270 abandoned coal mine discharges were found in 1994 during a U.S. Geological Survey. Out of these 270 discharges 193 were dangerously acidic, 122 exceeded standards for iron concentration, and 141 exceeded standards for manganese. Another $ 8 million is expected to be spent on cleaning up the discharges. Although not all of these creeks and streams are located in West Virginia, it is obvious that the terrible effects of the drainage from abandoned mines do exist. The cost of cleaning up these abandoned mines and their remains only add insult to the injury. (Tim Zink, 2007) THE MINE OWNER’S RESPONSIBILITY The costly cleanup of these abandoned mines often falls on the government even though the owner’s of the mines are responsible for the cost and maintenance of the mines. In 1977 Congress created the Abandoned Mine Lands program to help pay for the cost of clean-up. Mining companies across the nation were to pay 35 cents per ton of surface-mined coal and 15 cents per ton of underground-mined coal to help pay for the cost of reclaiming old mines. West Virginia government has set aside 10 percent of its budget for acid mine drainage. This money and the money from the mining companies don’t come anywhere close to the actual cost to clean up the land. (The State Journal- News for West Virginias Leaders, 2005) Abandoned mines are a problem throughout the United States; they have truly had an effect on the environment and the economy. They pose hazards to wildlife and human life. This prosperous industry has left the Mountain State not only with economic difficulties, but it has also left it with blemishes that will take years to clean up. ? Bibliography EPA. (2004, May). Methane Emissions from Abandoned Coal Mines inthe United States. Emission Inventory Methodology and 1990-2002 Emission Estimates . EPA. Labor, U. D. (n.d.). www.msha.gov. Retrieved January 19, 2008, from msha.gov/SOSA/fact.asp: msha.gov/SOSA/facts.asp The State Journal- News for West Virginias Leaders. (2005, June 16). Retrieved 12 29, 2009, from West Virginia Legislature: legis.state.wv.us/WVCODE/Code.cfm?chap=22art=2 Tim Zink, A. W. (2007). Trout Unlimited Conserving Coldwater Fisheries. Retrieved from Trout Unlimited: w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd webmaster. (2005, 03 24). U.S. Department of Labor. Retrieved 01 19, 2008, from MSHA: msha.gov/SOSA/facts.asp West Virginia Legislature. (n.d.). Retrieved 12 29, 2009, from West Virginia Code: legis.state.wv.us/WVCODE/Code.cfm?chap=22art=2 Research Papers on Abandoning West Virginia's Natural ResourcesPETSTEL analysis of IndiaGenetic EngineeringTrailblazing by Eric AndersonTwilight of the UAWThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionHip-Hop is Art19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in Capital

Should Government be Minimised as much as Possible in the Emerging Essay

Should Government be Minimised as much as Possible in the Emerging Markets - Essay Example It includes spending on defense, education, infrastructure projects, and the healthcare sector (Berglof, and Bolton, 2002). The source of money or the finance that is used for public expenditure by the government is mostly from taxation. One of the distinctive features of public spending in emerging markets is the use of social safety nets. According to Chu and Gupta (1998), safety nets basically mean transferring payments that are non- contributory which seek to prevent the people who are vulnerable to poverty and shocks from falling down to a given level of poverty. The providers of the safety nets are the private sector (charities, NGOs), and the public sector (donors and the government). Another distinctive feature seen in the emerging markets is that the distribution of income during the pre-transition period in most Scandinavian countries had a Gini coefficient of 0.25 compared to that of the U. S which stood at 0.4. During the post-transition period, for example, the Gini coefficient was 0.2 in Slovakia and 0.5 in Ukraine (Keane and Prasad, 2000). This can be seen in figure 1 below Poland experienced indeed a substantial rise in inequality of earnings in relation to labor. However social transfers were significant in the mitigation of the shift, and as a result, the increase in inequality of income was moderated. Interestingly, these transfers were mainly targeting individuals who stood a chance to lose more as a result of the transition. The intentions of these individuals were not to be poor but rather to be middle class (Gans, 2011). The figure 2 below shows the income distribution in Poland during the transition period. The figure 3 below shows the overall distribution of income in the emerging markets. The general trend is that in most cases income distribution is normally not balanced among the countries. Analyzing the table found below, what is evident is that income disparity is greater in Russia as compared to Slovakia. Â  

Definition of Shame, Unforgettable Shame and Self perception Essay

Definition of Shame, Unforgettable Shame and Self perception - Essay Example Kaufman (1993a, pp.5-6) defines shame as wound within inner self which is deeply disturbing to the self, causing the sickness within the self and the soul which always leads to the feelings of inferiority. This view has been supported in the work of Evans (1994, p.103) who states, â€Å"with shame there is a sense of inferiority in which the other is perceived as more powerful and capable of inflict injury on the self, usually via scorn, contempt, or humiliation†. Jane Middelton-Moz (1990, p.xii) and Holly Vanscoy (2006) both have written that â€Å"the hurt emotion feeling arise from the consciousness of something embarrassment, humiliation, dishonourable, unacceptable, ludicrous etc done by oneself or another†. In my opinion, the individual who faced shame always perceives him or herself as flawed, unwanted, neglected, surplus, or fundamentally broken. Nearly every human being experience shame at some point in his or her life. Most of shame stories in their lives become the unforgettable one. The unforgettable rather haunting shame memory follows people throughout their lives. Shame incident might have happened a long time ago, but memory remains even after years. Sometimes the individual becomes very successful in the country or in the community, but the memory of unforgettable shame keeps clinging to even the developed and successful self. During the research, there were numerous instances when I found a general agreement of psychologists and therapist about the idea that adult personality is greatly influenced by early childhood experiences. Those who experienced shame during early childhood time period could never let their memory of the incident go forever. It remains and leaves extremely powerful impact on adult self perception. For understanding shame in childhood and its manifestation in adulthood in the form of low self-esteem, we need to understand the concept of ‘self’ itself. Self is fundamental part of Carl Rogers’s personality theory. He refers to it as, â€Å"the organized, consistent set of perceptions and beliefs about oneself.†Self is a humanistic term that describes us as person. It is not only influenced by a person’s experiences throughout life but also the interpretation of these experiences. Major factors that influence human self concept are: childhood experiences and evaluation by others (cited in McLeod, 2007). Bradshaw’s idea of a toxic shame seems to be intriguing in this regard. He (1990, p. 47) wrote it as â€Å"the feeling of being flawed and diminished and never measuring up†. The strong inner emotions and feelings of being insufficient, neglected, inadequate, defective and unwanted keep haunting the individual. Bradshaw (1990, p. 47) further attributes the toxic shame as a nucleus of the wounded child around which he or she keeps revolving. For instance, the individual, who faced traumatic or hurtful experience during their childhood which they could not forget all the way through their life are called wounded child and prone to shame. According to Adler, a neglected child has never known love and cooperation in the home; therefore, he finds it very difficult to develop these abilities as an adult. They do not know how to gain affection and respect from other people. As adults usually they are cold and hard (Frager, R. & Fadiman, J., 1998. p. 111-112). The shamed self is considered to be unable to cope with the difficult situation. As an object of scorn, humiliation,

Ode on a Grecian Urn Essay Example for Free

Ode on a Grecian Urn Essay In the poem Ode on a Grecian Urn, Keats took inspiration from a visit to a museum exhibiting artifacts, one of which is an urn with figures on its surface. The urn depicts scenes taken from ancient Greek life. Intrigued by the Urns beauty and the figures depicted on its sides, Keats was moved to write a poem expressing wonder, admiration, questions and criticisms. Without knowing who these figures are, what they are meant to reflect and to what purpose were they made for, the poet revels in the mystery they represent. The Odes first stanza is filled with wonder and questions; the last stanza has none. Being a piece of art, the urn can speak to its viewers in whatever way it chooses to communicate. In the first stanza of the poem, the writer addresses an ancient urn and reflects on its beauty and what story it can tell. He calls the urn a historian possessing secret knowledge. The writer looks at one group of pictures that seem to be of men pursuing women. He wonders if it was a pursuit among lovers, a struggle between sexes, or a playful episode among the young on a beautiful day. In the next stanza, the poet focuses on another figure on the vase. This time, it portrays a man with his lover, both lying beneath a tree while he plays his pipe. The writer declares that the pipes silent music is sweeter than a mortals music because the former lives through time. While the man and woman cannot kiss because they are frozen in time, they should not despair because their beauty and youth will forever remain. In one stanza, the poet is able to present two contrasting realities. One is that of unfilled longing through eternity, while the other speaks of unfading glory. The odes third stanza reflects the poets general feeling of happiness for the things he observed about the couple described in the previous stanza, as well as the trees surrounding them. The poet is glad for the trees leaves, which will forever be green and remain attached to the branches. The poet is also happy that the man with the pipe will have his songs forever new. He is also happy that the lovers love will last until eternity. Here, the poet laments that mortal love is just the passing of passion. By the time it passes, which it eventually will, there is nothing left. In the fourth stanza of the Ode, the poet turns to examine another picture. This time, it represents villagers leading a young cow, which seems to be a sacrificial offering. He imagines where they have come from and where they are headed for. The poet visualizes empty streets because the citizens have all left to witness the sacrifice. And the streets will forever remain empty for those who have left the town are frozen on their way to the sacrificial place. For the fifth and final stanza, the poet goes back to addressing the urn. He tells the ornamental vase that while it lives and remain forever, the poets generation would have long passed. He ends it with the famous quote that equates beauty with truth. By doing this, the author seems to criticize and admire the urn at the same time. While the poet thinks the urn beautiful, he thinks that that is the only thing it will ever possess. This is the same manner of admiration and criticisms that the poet has vested on the characters found on the urn.

Fighting Corruption through Making Music :: Essays on Corruption

Fighting Corruption through Music Singing about corruption is not a new thing and can be described as a disease one can compare with HIV/Aids as been the second most popular in Africa. Thus many see it as the most main cause of many African states slowness in terms of stable economic growth .It is therefore no secret to many ordinary citizens you who keep wondering or face with the dilemma as to how really their governments are operating .As such life in relation to economic growth during and after post colonial rule as always been a litmus test. Sierra Leone The name meaning (Lion mountain) from a Portuguese sailor ?Pedro da sentra also this beautiful diamond shaped country was used by then British colonial masters to settle free slaves thus the capital city was named Freetown .With so many minerals and other resources combined with already many IMF loans been given many see it as been far enough to have change the deplorable living standard of many of its citizens forty years after independence. It is therefore no surprise to many n view of the present governing authorities lack of transparency and willingness to prosecute or crack down hard on those they found in corrupt practice , the faith of many citizens on the Anti-corruption commission been set up is nothing to go by. State of the music industry The music Industry has dramatically grown in the last couple of years despite harsh conditions faced by musicians and composers alike. For many music is sacred , thus it can calm the troubled mind and bind the wandering sense. As such , Sierra Leone during the past years has produced some distinct traditional musicians such as: John Gbala ,Amy Kallon. , Salia,, Rogers(Rogie),Ebenezer Calender and many more.As old musicians continue to rebirth themselves and young musicians continue to see the music industry gaining its reputation , there is now arrays of musicians in categories such as : R&B, POP, traditional , Reggae and religious music. Level of Censorship The level of censorship on music is always a big question whenever musicians produced songs about sensitive issues such as ?

Cellular Rspiration

LABORATORY REPORT FOR BIO411 Experiment 5 : Cellular Respiration Experiment 6 : Photosynthesis Title: Cellular Respiration Objective: To observe and determine cellular respiration in yeast/onion cells. * Measure respiration rate using different substrates. * Measure respiration rate at different temperature. Introduction: In this laboratory experiment, we are given 3 task. The first one is respiration in yeast. Second is respiratory indicator and the third one is observing mitochondria in yeast/onion cell. The first experiment is about investigation of sugars yeast. We will determine which sugars yeast can be use for cell respiration.When the yeast undergoes anaerobic/aerobic respiration, they will give out carbon dioxide. After that it will reacts with water to forms a weak carbonic acid solution. We will use BTB to monitor this reaction. Further explanation will be discussed at the discussion. The second experiment is respiratory indicator. Same concept with the first experiment. W e will measure the respiration rate using different substrates based on the table provided. The third experiment is observing mitochondria in yeast/onion cells. We will be using the staining technique in order to obtain the result of the experiment. * Task 1: Respiration in Yeast Materials: Beakers * Pipettes * Cuvettes * 20% Glucose * 20% Lactose * 20% Sucrose * 20% Maltose * Distilled water * Brom Thymol Blue (BTB) * Spectrophotometer * Measuring cylinders. Procedures: 1. The spectrometer is set to 565nm. Distilled water is used to set the reading to the pure level. 2. 8mL of 20% glucose is placed in the beaker using a measuring cylinder. 3. 1ml of Brom Thymol Blue (BTB) is added into a respective tubes using a pipette. 4. 4ml from the mixture of Glucose and BTB taken and placed in test tube then added with 0. 1ml of yeast extract. 5. The mixture then transferred into cuvette and placed into spectrophotometer. 6.The absorbance measured for 5 minutes. The reading taken within 30 se conds. 7. Steps 1-6 is repeated using 20% Lactose, 20% Sucrose, and 20% Maltose. 8. Reading obtained is recorded and compared with the others. Results: Time (s)| 20% Glucose| 20% Sucrose| 20% Maltose| 20% Lactose| 30| 1. 053| 1. 162| 1. 323| 1. 130| 60| 1. 051| 1. 161| 1. 310| 1. 123| 90| 1. 049| 1. 159| 1. 304| 1. 119| 120| 1. 048| 1. 159| 1. 297| 1. 116| 150| 1. 045| 1. 158| 1. 295| 1. 114| 180| 1. 044| 1. 155| 1. 292| 1. 111| 210| 1. 041| 1. 155| 1. 289| 1. 109| 240| 1. 040| 1. 154| 1. 287| 1. 107| 270| 1. 037| 1. 154| 1. 287| 1. 105| 300| 1. 035| 1. 154| 1. 284| 1. 103| Task 2: Respiratory Indicator Materials: * Test tubes * Yeast extract * 20% Glucose * Water bath * Parafilm * Distilled water * Tap water * Methylene blue Procedures: 1. 4 test tubes is obtained. 2. Each tube filled as table shown below, Tube 1 (room temperature)| Tube 2 (100? c)| Tube 3| Tube 4| 5ml yeast+1ml glucose+2ml methylene blue+2ml distilled water| 5ml yeast+1ml glucose+2ml methylene blue+2ml distilled w ater| 5ml water+1ml glucose+2ml methylene blue+2ml distilled water| 5ml yeast+1ml water+1ml methylene blue +2ml distilled water| 3. For tube 2, yeast is added and glucose is immersed the tube in water bath(100%) for 5 minutes.The, methylene blue is added. 4. Parafilm is used to cover all the tubes. 5. Initial time and color is recorded. 6. Time taken for the decolorisation to occur is recorded. Result: | Tube 1| Tube 2| Tube 3| Tube 4| Observation| Dark blue(no change)| Dark blue(no change)| Dark blue(no change)| Dark blue(no change)| * Task 3: Observing Mitochondrian of Onion Cells Materials: * Glass slides * Sucrose solution * Methylene blue * Toothpick * Onion cell * Cover slip * Microscope Procedures: 1. Clean slide is obtained and a drop of sucrose solution is placed on the center.Two drops of methylene blue added and mixed well by using toothpick. 2. Yeast is placed on the mixture of sucrose and methylene blue and cobered by the cover slip. 3. The slide immediately viewed unde r microscope. Results: 35 minutes is taken for yeast cells to decolorized, where blue stain turns clear. Disccusion: In our experiment, in order to achieved our objective which are to observe and determine cellular repiration in yeast/onion cells, we have to measured respiration rate using different substrates and we also have to measure respiration rates at different temperatures in Task 1, Task 2, Task 3.In Task 1: Respiration in yeast, the result we obtained shows that the 20% Glucose give the lowest value of absorbance compared to the others and 20% Maltose gave the highest value of absorbance. The order of absorbance is 20% Glucose

Cost Behaviors and Allocations Essay

The relationship between fixed, variable, and total costs of an organization is called cost behavior. It is also known as underlying cost structure, and is used for planning, control, and decision making within the organization. Healthcare organizations face several challenges to try and improve the quality of care and reduce costs at the same time. Their response to how to do this describes their cost behavior. Fixed costs is a cost that are certain regardless of the volume of services that are delivered and will occur even if the facility is closed. Variable costs are related directly to the amount of service that is delivered. These two costs make up the underlying cost structure of an organization. For example the costs of supplies used to draw blood in a laboratory, would be the variable costs, the costs to keep the laboratory open would be fixed costs. To understand the cost behaviors of the organization you have to figure out the relationship these costs have with the amount of services that they are delivering. To manage your costs you want to make sure that you are bringing in enough volume that will cover your costs. Cost allocation is a very important part of cost measurement. It is a pricing process that within the organization where managers allocate the costs of all the departments. Within healthcare organizations the overhead costs, costs from patient services departments, and support costs have to be allocated. Due to this pricing and service offerings are based on the total costs in relation with each services. If the allocations of overhead costs are allocated properly the organization is better able to make good decisions for the organization. Works Cited Evans III, J. H. (1998). Cost Management and Management Control in Healthcare Organizations: Research Opportunities. Behavioral Research in Accounting , 10, 78-103. Gapenski, L. (2012). Healthcare finance: An introduction to accounting and financial management (5th ed. ). Chicago: Health Administration Press.

Story of an Hour Essay Example

Awakening/Story of an Hour Essay Example Awakening/Story of an Hour Essay Awakening/Story of an Hour Essay Essay Topic: The Awakening Neumann Story of An Hour and The Awakening Compare and Contrast Essay Kate Chopping literary works, Story of An Hour and The Awakening are very similar in their strong feminist voice, the mood of disconnectedness, and the prevailing theme of the search for freedom from a culture dominated by male supremacy and the belief that women are a possession rather than a gift to be cherished. In both Story of An Hour and The Awakening, a strong voice of feminism prevails throughout, paired with underlying tones of doubt. In The Awakening, Chopin uses throng symbolism, such as the caged birds introduced in the very first sentence of the novel, to set the idea that married women are caged by societal conventions and deserve to be freed to experience all that life has to offer free from responsibilities and confining rules. Mrs.. Pointillist expresses many times throughout The Awakening how she wishes to be free of her husband and children to pursue her artistic aspirations, her physical needs with other men, and her friendship with Mademoiselle Raise, a woman who escaped societys expectations and as a result ivies free to pursue her own wants and needs. Mrs.. Pointillist is surrounded by men, including her husband, Alice Robin, and Robert Lubber, but only wishes to pursue temporary relationships with Alice and Robert based on satisfying her physical and emotional needs that her husband ignores and regards as unimportant. In Story of An Hour, Mrs.. Mallard is also married but is dissatisfied with her marriage and like Mrs.. Pointillist likely wishes to pursue other men. In each of the stories, the women recognize that they do not need men to complete or help them, but they each struggle with doubt. Mrs.. Mallard thinks about how she will miss her husband when his hands are folded across his chest, dead, and Mrs.. Pointillist commits suicide because she doubts herself so strongly. The doubt is symbolic of the time period in which women were beginning to emerge as stronger but were still shielded by men at a moments call and had not yet fully recognized themselves as sufficient. Kate Chopping life growing up was dominated by a female presence. Her father died when she was young, and she was then raised by all female widowers, then went on to a Catholic school where she was further surrounded by unmarried women. Her young life probably contributed to the way she wrote since she was always taught that women wore more than able to make a successful living on their own. The mood of disconnectedness is prominent in both stories. Throughout all of The Awakening, Mrs.. Pointillist is dissatisfied with her life, whether she is married, in love with Robert, or pursuing relations with Alice. She is ignored in her marriage, abandoned by Robert, and used for physical pleasure by Alice. The only time that she seems content is in the final chapter of the novel where she takes the final act of fiance and removes her clothing, which is symbolism for removing her past, societys wishes, and the doubt that has slowly killed her inside. As she walks into the children, but does not stop what shes doing so that they can no longer have precedence over her. Mrs.. Mallard gained peace in Story of An Hour when she came to the conclusion that she was finally free! Body and soul free! Her peace was quickly removed, however, when her husband walked in the house and she recognized that her blossoming freedom had been revoked and she died. Each of the Tories end on a sad note and each with ambiguous endings to leave room for interpretation of what happened after the deaths. The reader can infer that no change occurs afterwards, though, because the husbands and families didnt really care about the women before. In each of the stories, the search for freedom is the dominant theme. Mrs.. Pointillist took steps towards freedom when she moved into her own home and when she stopped seeing her husband and children, but as previously stated, she never obtained that freedom and realized that she never could, so she killed herself. Mrs.. Mallard recognized her freedom, and the reader can infer this from the subtle change that occurred when the author quit referring to her as Mrs.. Mallard and began calling her Louise, symbolizing that she was no longer bound to anybody or any expectations based on a name. Louise never found freedom despite her invigorating experience near the window in her room because she too realized that she could never truly have freedom- even supposed death was not enough to free her because Mr.. Mallard was not truly dead. Each of the women ultimately failed at ending freedom, but each searched relentlessly in desperate hopes of finding it. Story of An Hour and The Awakening both contain many similarities and no differences- each of the main women are feminists, each are consistently discontent with their lives, each want to find freedom, and each fail and die, one from suicide and the other possibly from sorrow and shock. Kate Chopping literary career ended with The Awakening, but the influence of her story did not, and the rising of strong and independent women in the start of the sass can be contributed in part to Chopin whose stories inspired women everywhere.

Force of friction experiment Essays

Force of friction experiment Essays Force of friction experiment Paper Force of friction experiment Paper Limiting static friction Friction always opposes motion. It increases with the applied force. However, it cannot increase indefinitely. When a body is in contact with a rough surface, friction arises at the contact surface if the body is subjected to an applied force. When the applied force exceeds the limiting static friction , the body will start to slip over the rough surface. And the value of is roughly proportional to the normal reaction R. where is the coefficient of static friction at the contact surface. Kinetic friction Generally, the friction acting on a resting block is less than until the block starts to move. Once the body starts to move over the rough surface, the friction would decrease slightly to a value known as kinetic friction . So is slightly less than but it is still approximately proportional to R. where is the coefficient of kinetic friction at the contact surface. remains constant even the applied force is increased further. is slightly less than . 3. Procedure A. Effect of applied force on friction 1. The set up is connected as shown below. 2. Slowly push the wooden plank (together with the trolley underneath) away from the spring balance. Note the increase in the spring balances reading which indicates the static friction . : When the block starts to slide, quickly read the spring balance. This maximum value is the limiting static friction. Keep pushing the wooden plank to maintain a steady sliding, and note again the spring balances reading which now indicates the kinetic friction . 3. Repeat the measurement of and few more times to get the average values. B. Coefficients of friction for various materials 4. Add 1 block (totally 2 blocks) onto the original one. Repeat step 2. 5. Add 1 more block (totally 3 blocks). Repeat step 2. 6. Replace the wooden plate with the plastic plate and brick respectively. Use the same face of the wooden block. Repeat step 2 to 5. C. Effect of surface area on friction 7. Place the wooden blocks onto the wooden plank side by side instead of piling up. Then connect them to the spring balance and move the trolley until they slide. Note the readings. 8. Repeat step 7 with 3 blocks. 4Normal reaction R / N 3. 73 3. 73 5. 59 5. 59 5. Errors and Accuracy The error of measurement of mass of blocks is . The error in taking reading of spring balance is . The error in adjusting the position of the scale of the balance is also . Hence the total error in measuring the force is . 6. Discussion Assumptions 1. The elastic strings have no mass. 2. Acceleration due to gravity (g) is taken as 9. 81 ms-2. Actually it varies in different position on Earth. 3. The block and the plank slide horizontally. Random and Systematic Errors Systematic errors include measuring mass of blocks (due to inaccuracy of the electronic balance) and the force (due to inaccuracy of the spring balance). Suggestions for Improvements 1. Since the elastic strings actually have mass. We can improve the accuracy by two ways: (a) Count one half of the mass of the strings into the total reaction force (the another half is supported by the balance, not the blocks). (b) Use blocks with greater mass (e. g.lead blocks). The effect of mass of strings become practically negligible. 2. Determine the actual value of acceleration due to gravity (g). Abnormal Behavior The degree of roughness throughout the brick surface was not constant. It was very difficult to keep the force constant. Comparison of Experimental with Expected Result A. Effect of applied force on friction Static friction increased with applied force. It remained stationary relative to the wooden plank. Until limiting static friction () was reached, the block began to slide and the reading (representing ) remained basically constant. Experimental value of is much smaller than . Theoretically, should be only slightly smaller than. This may be to error. If heavier blocks are used, the difference between and might be smaller. B. Coefficients of friction for various materials Coefficients (both and ): plastic plate wooden plank brick. By common sense, brick is the roughest and plastic is the smoothest. The experimental results prove our assertion. Also, experimental value of is much smaller than . Refer to the above explanation. All graphs are straight lines passing through the origin. This result tell us both limiting static friction and kinetic friction are directly proportional to the reaction force. * The coefficient of static friction of brick is 1. 2, greater than 1. This was because the brick surface was too rough that it was actually not a flat surface. Additional force is required to move the block up and down. The motion was not sliding at all. Therefore the theory of 01 does not hold in this case. C. Effect of surface area on friction Theoretically, friction is independent of contacting area. The result should be the same when the blocks are arranged side by side and piled up. However experimental results show that friction when side by side is slightly greater than that when piled up. This may be due to varying degree of roughness throughout the contacting surface. Increase of contacting area increases chance of experiencing more uneven roughness. This will result in greater fluctuation of frictional force and thus greater experimental error. 7. Answers to Worksheet Questions Q. 16 What is/are the advantage(s) of pulling the wooden plank, instead of pulling the wooden block with the spring balance, in the measurement of and ? Discuss the physical meaning of the spring balances reading in each case. A. 16 It make sure the blocks are experiencing constant applied force. If they were pulled by the spring balance directly, it was difficult to keep the force constant. Then the change in force will be used to accelerate to blocks, instead of just balancing the frictional force. Also, we can ensure the applied force is horizontal by fixing the spring balance on a horizontal platform. If we pull the spring balance directly, the force may not be always horizontal and the useful horizontal component of the force will be smaller than the balances reading. When pulling the plank, the spring balances reading represents the frictional force. When pulling the blocks directly, the reading represents the applied force, which may not be equal (in magnitude) to the friction. Q. 17 In pushing a car (with the engine detached from the wheels), explain briefly why it is more difficult to start the motion, but once the car is moving, it is relatively easier to maintain its motion. A. 17 Limiting static friction is greater than kinetic friction. Especially for a car with mass generally over 1000 kg, the reaction force is very large. So the difference of magnitude between these two types of friction is very significant for a human. Q. 18 In the design of the braking system in bicycles, what parameter(s) should be maximized to achieve a larger frictional force? A. 18 The reaction force exerted on the braking pads and the coefficient of kinetic friction should be maximized. 8. Conclusion This experiment was quite successful. It demonstrated that friction is directly proportional to normal reaction but independent of contacting area. Also, coefficients of static and kinetic friction can be compared.

Changing Context of Workforce Planning and Labour Market Change Research Paper

Changing Context of Workforce Planning and Labour Market Change - Research Paper Example The report indicates that the LFS essentially tracks two different types of teleworkers, including those working in their premises and those working in particular places like on the train, at their client’s homes, or in the cars. However, all the two types of teleworking services use the home comfort as their primary setups. In 2005, the majority of teleworkers worked in several places but used the home as their center. The number represents a whopping 1.8 million out of a total 2.4 million. These figures just demonstrate how the labor market is vigorously shifting from the more demanding contractual basis to the less critical self-employment context. There are several factors central to the sudden change in the labor market context. The first primary aspect is the advancement in technology. The new skills and equipment have revolutionized and redefined the entire workforce because it has brought a range of capabilities that were initially far-fetched. For example, in the case study, the rise of computers and telephones has changed the game because it has made work easier for builders. They can efficiently execute particular duties at home and at the same time communicate with clients. This scenario contrasts the traditional white-collar-job setup that requires an employee to link remotely with the employer. Apart from technology, several other reasons perhaps drive employees away from the customary right jobs, hence making home based work more appealing and convenient. First, some contracts are not guaranteed.

Poetry Explication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Poetry Explication - Essay Example The title of the poem is relevant to helping the reader understand that the use of the term ‘house’ is metaphorical. This is because had problems that were considered as abnormal. The speaker does so to describe a close relationship between occupants of the house that disintegrated. Various figures of speech including personification, symbolism, imagery, metaphors, and allegory are used to create layers of meaning. The use of personification is seen when the author suggests that the house has feelings and suffers hurt. This is further supported by him saying that, â€Å"some rooms declared their loyalties/ keeping to themselves, keeping out the other†( Stanza 4, Lines 2-3). The use of symbolism, on the other hand, cannot be denied as the house itself is seen as a symbol of a close relationship that fell apart. The slamming of doors, angry feet scuffing the carpets are words used that are representative of the conflict that was ongoing. Confirmation of this is in s tanza 3 in reference to the shouting, threats, half apologies. There is a slight interest in the speaker trying to resolve the conflict. However, the conflict went irreversible far. This is explained by him saying, â€Å"Lines were drawn, borders established, some rooms declared their loyalties/ keeping to themselves, keeping out the other† (Stanza 4, Lines 1-3). The speaker’s words are also encompassed in imagery appealing mostly to the auditory and visual senses. For example, the uses of the term slamming, scuffing, shouting are some of the words that stimulate our auditory senses to get a feel of what was actually happening in the house. The visual senses on other hand are stimulated by the use of the words such as cracking to describe paint, broken to describe windows, which create a mental picture about the state of the house. In fact, the audience can easily visualize and dramatize in their minded the extent to